Probation and Parole Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Probation and Parole - Research Paper Examplecommunity of interests corrections programs offer front and back end alternatives for correctional systems. In reference to front end, alternatives probation has offered a means of limiting further crowding in prisons and jails. On the other hand, unloosen systems have systematically acted as back end measures that offer release valves on prison populations. The issue of rehabilitative measures for cruel offenders has often elicited much debate in countries much(prenominal) as the United States. To this end, there argon several rehabilitation programs that have shown cocksure results. These, acknowledge, Moral Reconation Therapy, probation and parole. Moral Reconation Therapy Moral Reconation Therapy entails a continuous intercession plan that aims at decreasing recidivism among adult and juvenile offenders while at the same time adjusting object lesson reasoning. To this end, the approach is majorly a cognitive behavior mechanism that combines parameters from various psychological paradigms. These subsequently address positive behavior, social, ego and moral growth. Implementation of MRT involves individual and group counseling by use of prescribed grooming assignments and structured group exercises. Moreover, there is a workbook that is based on 16 objective units that emphasize on seven basic treatment parameters. These are attitudes, reinforcement of positive habits and behavior confrontation of beliefs assessment of new relationships enhancement of self concept positive identity formation development of frustration tolerance and drop in hedonism as well as development of racyer moral reasoning stages. Probation The application of probation and parole in rehabilitating offenders is guided partly by the philosophies of positivism and classicalism (Carter & Wilkins, 1976). On one hand, positivists imply that offenders are compelled into the superior of committing crime against their own volition and con sequently the behavior or conditions that triggered the action need to be rectified. Conversely, classicalists dispense that offenders are in control over the choice of their actions and consequently to deter future criminal activities, such offenders need to be punished. To this end, probation is defined as a sanction imposed by court whereby a convicted offender is released back into the community subject to a conditional suspended sentence. Moreover, the probationer is in more or less situations a non-violent or first time offender who stands the best chance of rehabilitation within the foreign community. The suitability and effectiveness of probation is driven by its flexibility in allowing judicial authorities a high extent of discretion when imposing sentences. Consequently, it allows the tailoring of sentences to suit different offenders. Furthermore, its effectiveness is driven by the accessibility of a supervision that checks on the progress of rehabilitation. The super vision role is provided by probation officers who offer support and guidance to the offender aimed at making him or her law abiding citizen. To this end, probation offers a second chance of renewal to the offender. Evidently, there are several version of probation designed for different types of offenders. This is driven by the need to jails and prisons. These include intensive supervised probation which entails close monitoring of convicts and applies stringent conditions on the release clause. Others include split sentencing