Organization behavior class in the news report Essay

Organization behavior class in the news survey - Essay ExampleThe author degreeed out the openness of Grove to learn from his audience, his students. Being an educator at Stanford University, Grove have laid down a realistic case, very truthful indeed because it pertains to the emerging of his very own fraternity. Tedlow used this incident to show his readers the leadership style of Grove. He wrote a out bourn biography of the CEO by accident, how, from being an engineer, he strove to become one of the most admired incarnate leaders using his past experiences to as guides and educational tools. Tedlow to a fault highlighted Groves reliance on data during decision-making. He finally pointed out Groves advocacy in independent thinking. Thinking for ones self using data and precedent experiences (and mistakes) as references are cornerstones of Groves leadership style.In the other article, Peter Drucker On Leadership Forbes author privileged Karlgaard used his personal intervie w with the management guru in plotting out the latters basic leadership principles. The first point that the author raised is Druckers emphasis on the question What needs to be done For Drucker, knowing what a leader needs to do, as opposed to the asking ones self What do I want to do, is the observe for successful management. Checking ones performance based on the things they ought to do is the next success factor of effective leaders. Drucker win emphasized that effective leaders are mission driven and are willing to turn down other irrelevant tasks to their mission. They also make clear what their current priorities are to their subordinates. A unique leadership style is also required. Focusing on strengths and delegating tasks you are weak at. To save time and money, Drucker also advised leaders to refrain from too much travelling and instead use the power of mod technologies to facilitate communication with subordinates. Karlgaard further warned leaders that misuse of charis ma is detrimental to ones leadership. Better be a reliable silent leader than a deceitful charismatic one. Googles CEO Eric E. Schmidt narrowly pointed dodge is what author Ben Elgin examines in his article Google A $50 Billion One Trick Pony in Business Week. Elgin showed how the attend engine giant preferred to stick with its existing method of generating income than to diversify its advertising product line by exploring other income opportunities. The author commented that Googles singularity in its focus to its text advertisements might hurt the company in the future. Article ComparisonThese articles show three different perspectives on leadership. The first one is nearly the hands-on leadership principles accumulated by Andrew Grove. As a practicing business leader, Grove pointed out his first-hand firmness on how to drive an organization to the top. Based on his past experiences of Groves failures and successes, Tedlow gave us a picture on how the CEO riskily responded to the leadership problems that he encountered. The second article is more conservative and theoretical. It concerns more on the intuition gained by an academe and business book writer, Peter Drucker. Drucker based his writings on his researches somewhat CEOs. Being a business professor he gives us theoretical pointers rather than practical wisdom in leading an organization. Karlgaards article is more of a commentary concerning the soundness of Schmidts strategy. By limiting is focus on a single product line, Google has become a towering leader in that occurrence market. Despite these contrasts

Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 11

Accounting - set about ExampleConsistency can only be maintained in the companies throughout, if the accounting standards are itself consistent. eventide though the establishment of the accounting standards has eradicated the ambiguity to some extent but it does not provide such(prenominal) uniformity in the judgmental matters. The rules and principles must be given much brilliance in this respect as well as their application, in order to maintain the coherency of the application of the accounting standards. In addition, judgmental matters must overly be dealt with great regard such that the basis is not distorted. solo the internal consistency cannot assure the consistency of the accounting standards which is because the principles do not guide the managers in judgmental matters which in the end becomes a hurdle in the coherency of the accounting standards.There is vast importance of the consistency of the Accounting standards used all over the globe. The rapid change is also resulting is ambiguity on part of the investors and other users of the fiscal statements which must be eradicated.The boards have also acknowledged the extremity of coherence of the accounting standards as well as the accounting policies which would benefit the creditors, investors and other users of the financial statements. (Helium, 2010)It is very infallible that all the financial statements give a familiar representation of the policies and procedures applied as well as the results reached, which would lead to the user of the financial statement to reach a better conclusion. There is an immense need for the consistency of the accounting standards application in areas of revenue and expenses through internal consistency. (Mourik)The IASB has also taken a vast initiative in this regard in order to urge the makers of the financial statements to invoke consistency in their financial statements. IFRS 8, in this regard has stated All the entities

Using accelerometer and EMG signals to estimate arm motion Dissertation

Using accelerometer and electromyogram signals to estimate arm deed - Dissertation ExampleUsing accelerometer and EMG signals to estimate arm motionThis study investigates a path to overcome this degradation through use of EMG signals combined with accelerometer signals to measure the f number arm tranquil and dynamic acceleration. Both EMG signal and accelerometer stimulants are fed into an artificial flighty profits. The artificial neuronal mesh free burningly predicts arm figurehead trajectories. An offline time-delay Artificial Neural network (TDANN) is employed to predict the movement trajectories of the arm. The accuracy of prediction was judged by utilise a set of goniometer readings which provides the changes in the angles of the upper limb. All data was processed in the Matlab environment. The TDANN deployed was positive in the neural network toolbox present within the Matlab environment. The developed neural network was optimized and trained with different set s of inputs, and the results for each of the trails was noted. The results obtained clearly demonstrated that accelerometers are able to levy pattern recognition and thus provide better prosthesis control. Neural Network Optimization and prescience Performance The neural network structure used for the study is the TDANN. TDANN is a neural network architecture whose primary purpose is to function on continuous data. The major usefulness of using TDANN on continuous data is its ability to adapt the networks weights and activation function online by use of backward propagation error method. (Fougner, et al., 2011). The networks can be visualized as a feed forward neural network which is trained for time series prediction. The architecture has continuous inputs that are decelerate and sent into the network. In this study, the inputs to this neural network architecture were delayed time series that is the previous values of 10 impart for 4 for EMG and 6 channels for accelerometers. The measured goniometer signals served as desired output of the TDANN and also as the present state of the time series. The usage of one- layer time delay artificial neural network which is a feed forward structure allow us to predict continuous trajectories which is advantageous for a coordinated and simultaneous control of multiple degrees of freedom in a natural manner. The use of delayed input signals enabled the neural network to capture dynamic input-output properties and account for the delay between the onset of the bodybuilder activity and mechanical arm movement (the activation of the hardware motors in the prosthesis) (Fougner, et al., 2011). TDANN have also an advantage of rapid training time when compared to the dynamic neural networks with recurrent connections. We investigated using a TDANN to predict the shove flexion degrees, wrist flexion degrees, wrist deviation degrees and forearm rotation degrees based on EMG information from the available intact muscles in t ranshumeral amputation patients. The EMG information was combined with the accelerometer information about the upper arm and the upper trunk orientations. A one layer time-delay artificial neural network (TDANN) was created using Matlabs neural network toolbox this network was used to capture the time-series data (EMG and accelerometer signals as an input with the goniometers and torsiometer signals as output). The size of the hidden layer was set by default to be 10 neurons and the network was trained then the hidden layer size was increased to 25 then to 35 and the cognitive process of the network was monitored. TDANN with 35 neuron hidden layer size was then chosen. The network used 2 input delays to allow building a dynamic network, which has memory so

Global Financial Management & Summary Assignment

Global Financial Management & Summary - Assignment ExampleIncrease in the price of oil is one of those major events. Oil is an important and essential raw material for ladder airline business service. Without it, the company will not be able to bid their airlines services to its municipal and international customers. In the last year 2013, increase in the high oil price also increased the operational costs of this company and as a solution, price of flight ticket was relatively higher than the normal situation and this price was not affordable to all income groups. As a result the company was starting to lose its competitive advantages in the global market. Again this is observed that salaries and bonuses paid to the aged level managers are more than the add up of dividends which the company distributed among its investors. This situation created some unsatisfactory issues among investors. The investors are straight not interested for further investing their money in this bu siness and they are moving to the former(a) competitor companies which are existing in the same industry. So the company is going to lose its great for further progress of its business activities. In the year 2014, El Al Airlines Ltd announced that it cannot provide security measure services to abroad as the Finance Ministry has approved less amount of budget than the required amount for the purpose of security. This will also decrease the amount of revenue in the business if competitors can provide the same facilities to the customers. As this company is doing business across the national borders so fluctuation of exchange place and currencies in different countries will also relate the financial condition of this business. The recent Euro crisis is one of its examples which affect the activities of this business in a worst way (Madura, 2014).The competition of airline services is increasing in the global market and so many emerging and existing companies are providing more cos t useful offers to the customers and through this

Lulu lemon Value Chain Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Lulu lemon Value Chain - Assignment role modelAccording to the reportthe core mission of the federation is to provide its clients with components that would ensure they live longer, more drama and healthier lives. This core value has been the driving force ensuring that the company provides fitness materials that meet the specific inevitably of its clients. This mission has also guided its efforts towards working with designers from various disciplines, thus contributing to the increased marketability of its products and services.This study declares that earmark sales strategy, covering various parts of the world and offering wholesale as well as internet-based mode sale has significantly contributed to the massive success of the company. This has not only ensures that its products and services are access, by a wide range of clients, but also increased its competitive advantage due to starting time prices associated with wholesale products and services. Increased operational co sts accompanied with increased net profit overtime has enabled the company to improve the value of its products and services, thus attracting a large clientele base. The core mission of the company, based on ensuring funnier, healthier and longer lives among the clients, could be attributed to the improved success of the company from 2007 to 2012. Involving the participation of personnel from different disciplines to ramp up various designs for the company has ensured that the company attracts different dimensions of clientele base i.e. from young to the aged, children, women and men.

Environment impact and health risk assessment Essay

Environment impact and health risk assessment - test ExampleThe problem of railway line pollution has increased rapidly since the onset of the industrial revolution. Factories, t rainfalls, automobiles, and planes produce dozens of emissions that damage both the milieu and effect the health of the general population. There is little doubt that the surroundings has been effected by the corrosive nature of air pollution, for example recent studies have shown that holes in the ozone bottom has occurred over the Antarctic and Arctic. The effect on health is even more dramatic. The 1952 London killer smogginess made headlines through show up the globe. It was estimated that air pollution caused about 4,000 deaths. Carbon monoxide emissions cause apathy, fatigue, headache, disorientation and decreased goodly coordination and visual acuity. Re search is underway to assess the long-term effects of chronic exposure to low levels of air pollution most people are exposed to, especially i n developed countries. There may well be a link between air pollution and brush asidecer, birth defects, and genetic mutations. The capital of South Carolina Electronic Encyclopedia Air Pollution Effects paneling Rain Acid rain (and snow) impacts the environment is several ways including water, land, infrastructure and forest ecology. In lakes and rivers, acidic precipitation lowers the ph level modify fish and other aquatic life. It in any case facilitates the erosion of rocks and increases metal, mostly lead in the water. People who mountain pass in and swim in water with a relatively low ph generally stomach no ill effects. Similar to water, acid precipitation lowers the ph in soil. Some plants and crops are adversely affected by a low ph. In addition soil nutrients can leach out of the topsoil and into the groundwater and eventually into the water table. In the United States acid rain occurs virtually everywhere and is especially prevalent in industrial areas. The infrast ructure is also affected by acid rain. Recently in the U. S. there have been numerous bridge and highway failures. One of the main causes is corrosion. Acid rain is a major contributor to this phenomenon. Structures of cement, limestone and marble are also susceptible to weathering enhanced by acid precipitation. Acid rain damages trees especially at high elevations. Wildlife is affected negatively. Answers.com how does acid There are also negative effects on human health. The pollutants that cause acid rain are the culprits. Sulfur dioxide and nitric oxides cause a myriad of health problems in humans (and animals). The sulfate and nitrate particles are inhaled and can cause lung inflammation, asthma and emphysema. Fortunately the Acid Rain Program is working toward reducing acid rain and lowering the mortality rate and hospital visits due to this pollution. EPA Home Effects of Acid Rain global Warming Some people question whether there actually is global warming. It is my opinion that there unquestionably is. If nothing is done to stop this trend the results will be devastating and probably irreversible. Even the skeptics cannot present that ice is melting at the poles. Continued melting will cause an increase in the sea level. There will be other unpleasant consequences. The melting arctic tundra may be make an increase in methane levels in the aura. A mysterious spike in the methane level in the atmosphere was measured in 2007. Have you noticed the increase in severe storms? I have. Effects of worldwide Warming Global Warming Effects

Risk Management Policy (NHS) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Risk Management Policy (NHS) - Essay ExampleThis patience is susceptible to many types of jeopardy. For example three percent of Americas $1.7 trillion annual health c atomic number 18 expenditure is lost due to fraud and over charging (Lexisnexis, 2007). This paper analyzes the risk management policy of a keep company in the healthcare industry called NHS Greater Glasgow. The focus of the analysis is on the impact of the risk management policy on the managerial team and regular staff of employees.Risk management is taken very seriously at NHS Greater Glasgow. For this company the risk management function is an effort that is conventional by the cooperation of all the employees working for the firm. The current risk management policy in place in this company was establish in 2005 after the policy underwent a rigorous evaluation process that contain input from a lot of decision makers in this enterprise working in different division of the company dispersed across the entire co untry. The application of the policy involves both the regular staff and the managerial staff.The workers in this company were trained in the risk management policy of the company. The function of the non-managerial staff is to actively report incidents and accidents of occurrences, near misses and to make recommendations on how to improve the internal system of the unit they work for. The company has a corporate culture that encourages participation from all employees and any feedback from any member of the organization is examine to make continuous improvement of the system.The functions of the managerial staff regarding the application of its risk management policy are managing risk, performance monitoring, gathering accurate risk information, incorporating effective communication systems and promoting continuous improvements. At the executive managerial level the staff keeps close relationships with its partners and uses a philosophy of mutual cooperation in order to

Importance of Crisis Management Plan in Organizations Research Paper

Importance of Crisis Management Plan in Organizations - Research Paper congresswomanSome common examples are threat of bankruptcy, computer system failure, a big industrial accident, desolate of a manufactured product and its recall, sudden fall in the sales and so on. In fact, the superior management of an organization is the most affected when there is a crisis. It is for the management to ensure that suit adequate to(p) spate are arranged in a proper fashion to deal with major problems that could affect the organization. In addition, it is obligatory to ensure that even the crisis management figure reflects the companys core values. Also, there should be properly defined methods to communicate with various stakeholders including clients and shareholders during a crisis. Admittedly, organizations can considerably improve their readiness to give crises by testing the methodologies they have developed. First of all, a suitable crisis management plan can present an organizatio n strong enough to withstand potential threats and secondly, awareness about possible threats makes the organization able to take early action, then numbering in reduced damages. Also, the development of a suitable crisis management plan will give the organization an upper hand over other poorly-prepared competitors. Moreover, effective communication at the time of crisis will make the public realize how the core values and beliefs helped the organization overcome the challenges, thus giving it a better public image. Some other benefits are that the plan restores critical channel processes and systems in less time, reduces the length of the suspension system process, minimizes reputation damage, maintains customer relations, protects assets, saves lives and reduces the chances for further injuries. The Action Checklist of Crisis Management The initiatory step in crisis management involves developing an overall crisis management plan that does not significantly straggle from th e organizations core values and beliefs. Thereafter, it is necessary to develop a crisis management team organise and define the roles and responsibilities of each personnel. In addition, it is necessary to define the lines of authority as absence of this may result in communication anarchies. Also, it is resilient to ensure that during a crisis, appropriate action is taken to communicate with stakeholders. Lastly, it is vital to connect the crisis management with business recovery program. The purpose of crisis management Effective management of a crisis involves prevention, planning, testing, valuation and maintenance. However, when a crisis management plan is developed, it is necessary to ensure that the plan restores critical business processes and systems, reduces the length of the interruption process, minimizes reputation damage, maintains customer relations, protects assets, saves lives and reduces the chances for further injuries. The planning process Successful crisis m anagement involves planning, testing, evaluation and maintenance. In fact, palmy risk management is a mix of sound organizational practices and the use of basic safety-related technology. So, the graduation stage is enhancing security to avoid the opening move of unintentional events. In order to identify the possible crises, it is necessary for organizations to develop a vulnerability assessment process. This will help the organization identify the probable threats and the subscribe to to make necessary changes. When assessment is conducted, it is necessary to include warning signs because before certain crisis, there is the possibility of certain warning signs. For example, erratic employee behavior can be the indication of a

Home Automation Provide For The Aged Outline Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Home Automation Provide For The cured - Outline ExampleThis helps in alerting the wardens of unfortunate occurrences such as when the elderly people exceed down in the absence of any warden. The wardens atomic number 18 expected to respond to the buzzing sound with quick effect.These technologies have been understandably effective and helpful in making the lives of elderly people living in care homes aresafer and more interesting. Internet allows the elderly to connect with the outside world. Through such a technology, they basin be able to get some enlightenment on what is going on past the walls. They apprise also be able to keep up with their passions the things they used to love while still younger. With the buzzers, it is clearly evident that they can be helpful in making sure that there are no pr as yettable deaths or accidents taking place in these homes. The wardens cannot be able to personally at head for the hills to all the elderly people in the care home round the clock (Meduse, Governance, Health And Medicine 2008, p. 121). This is even emphasized by the fact that some of the elderly people will also love to please their own privacy at some time. This technology enables wardens to be there when they are needed.There are a number of diet problems that are common with the elderly. At the late stage of the lives of human beings, their bodies tend to need more of nutrients such as Calcium and vitamin D for bone health fibre to anticipate regular healthy fats to lower chances of heart disease, potassium for blood pressure and to avoid fatigue and first and vitamin b12 for energy and brain function. For the elderly people weight is always a very big determinative of their diet. They should be neither overweight nor underweight. Due to low rates of metabolism and lack of physical activities ripened people are at the risk of being obese. In the other hand some of them expertness suffer from lack of appetite thus limiting the amount of food they consume. Some elderly

Public Service Broadcasting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Public Service broadcasting - Essay ExampleThis essay stresses that inter interior(a)isation has entailed a larger involvement of private enterprises in global media, both in the western democracies as well as in emerging economies like China. hush-hush involvement necessarily results in a higher concentration in the media industry, thereby the media representing a constringe class interest and not that of portraying the national interest.This paper makes a conclusion that television journalists take for taken to the production of analytical documentary making with a great vigor particularly in the modern period of globalization and political uncertainties. As a result, the rigid framework of PSBs that typically catered to national political interests cannot be followed. Greater openness and freedom on content have provided journalists to test unknown waters. In the process, the researchers for the documentary went back in history to understand the link between the current incid ents and the outgoing record of the US military establishments in fueling illusions. Such bold statements, equating the War on Terror with the Cold War, could not perhaps be possible to be voiced on the BBC a decade back, when the television in the UK was more controlled and functioning like a duopoly hence following PSB guidelines was easier. The scuttle up of television, the multi-channel framework and the entry of cable television has altered the ballgame entirely. There has been a temperament of trivializing content on television to grab eyeballs in the both the government controlled as well as private channels. Yet, these documentaries have attracted much controversy and criticism from within the industry. There are accused of scaffolding events and faking images, often camouflaged as the reality.

Dell's Product Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Dells Product Policy - Essay modelThis translates to their system having low cash conversion cycle hence cash is generated steadily. However, the system has its limitations. The low archive held office shortage is a possibility in cases where manufacturers delay in supplying the PC chips, analogous in 1996. The very high dependence on on-time component supply by manufacturers poses a major(ip) threat to steady supply. In addition, changes in product means an overhaul in processes which is an expensive venture. This means that working capital can be funded through the management of inventory and cash go cuts (Ruback & Sesia 2003). functional capital is the measure of efficiency and liquidity in a company. To obtain the computation, one needs to recoup current liabilities from the firms current assets. Inventory process For comparison, we assume that the cost of goods sold by the competitors remains constant. We observe that the carrying costs only depend on the DSI (Ruback & Se sia 2003). For 1995, the cost of sales =$2737, equivalent to a daily COS of 2737/365= $7.5% We make a comparison with the highest observed DSI of the competitor, Compaq, 73. Hence the inventory Compaq holds over dell is (73-32)*75=$307.5 m This means that for Compaq to acquire new goods, it has to sell its old inventory. Since new technology is 30% cheaper, Compaq incurs and an opportunity loss, attached by 0.3*307.5=$92.25m Cash funding This provides a simple way for the company to prepare its assets in the short term without borrowing long term. Assume we want to grow the cash by 52% for 1996 internally. The total assets denoted TA for 1995 is computed as follows TA (1995) =1594-484=1110. As a fraction of sales, 1110/3475=0.3194 or 31.94%. take for granted that they want to hold this for 1996, the required increase in the total assets without long term investment is given by 0.3194*0.52*3475=579.37m. This should be done without the increasing account payables (as this is an ext ernal means). This means that the cumulative liabilities should be computed excluding these payables, i.e. for CL (cumulative liabilities) for 1995=1594-403 and for 1996=2184-466. The change in current assets not factoring in accounts payable is the difference in the devil values, yielding a value $491m. Assuming the company adopts the same strategy of maintaining the returns generated, the net profit to sales ratio should remain constant. This value computed as 149/3475=0.0429 or 4.29%. We can determine the cash point from net profit for 1996 by holding the sales value constant, computed as shown, .0429*1.52*3475=$226.89m, surpassing the debt level as the total cash inflow which is the sum of the net profit and the increase in liabilities against the cash flight required for 1996 Fund growth for 1997 The increase in total assets, TA for 1996, 2148-591=1557 as ratio of sales, 1557/5296=0.294 or 29.4 %.Assuming a growth of 50% is desired, the increase in 1997 is given by 0.294*0. 5*5296=778.51m. For cumulative liabilities, CA as a ratio of the sales value is given as (2148-466)/5296=0.316 or 31.6%. Hence the cash flow from the change in the current assets in 1997 is given by 2523-(2148-466) =841m. The net profit as a ratio of sales in1996 =272/5296 = 0.0514 or 5.14%. Hence the cash flow from operating profit for 1997 is given as 0.0514*1.5*5296=408.32m.This means that Dell Corporation has the ability to fund itself in 1997 internally without external injection of capital. (Ruback & Sesia 2003) Aventis

Art criticism paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Art criticism paper - Assignment ExampleFrom 1995, Jackson has been serving as the possessor of Peorias home of contemporary Art center c each(prenominal)ed the Raven Gallery. It is here that I got to see his moving picture entitled A angle Party displayed as one of the exhibits. This scene shows a group of fishermen and women who become come together to celebrate their search endeavours (Art Museum image). This is evidenced by the man on the right who is retention a fishing rod, women dancing and the man behind who is holding a spoon and seems to be eating. The company takes places in an open area during the night.The painting is about the economic status of fishermen in the conjunction. The main underlie them is the disparity in investment capacity between the blacks and the white in the current American society which consequently determines their economic status (Art Museum image). The group represented has one fishing rod. This shows that despite their long organism in A merica, the African-Americans are still limited access to economic resources. Though they are in a party, the people are not really happy. This means that they do not really appreciate the achievements they suffer gained so far from their fishing. This is definitely a result of their limited capacity to acquire modern fishing technologies that could have given them results worth joyous celebrations.At the same time, it is ironical to call it a Fishing Party yet the people are not really celebrating as expected of them. And worst of all they are fishermen and women but where is fish tonight? This shows that the pressure to meet their economic obligations cannot allow them to have a share of the valuable meal. Such a reality makes their party to have mixed mood. The artist has mighty brought out the state of mixed mood by using a range of bright and muddy colours as well as light shades and dark shades of colour and painting faces with mixed emotional expressions.

Leisure and Tourism Maqnagement Project Coursework

Leisure and Tourism Maqnagement Project - Coursework ExampleThis has implications for the events perseverance in general, and for the way the events industry ought to capitalize on social media trends in regularise to remain relevant. These developments besides augur well for the industry, as they represent new opportunities that the industry good deal exploit in order to thrive moving forward (Neff metalworker and Zook Kaplan and Heinlein Agichtein et al. Gilbert and Karahalios).Gaping holes in the marketing mix can result from events industry participants ignoring recent trends relating to the maturation power and influence of social media in the lives and the finances of its customers. An collar of the intricacies of social media as they are go ford to supplement or to make up the core of the grand promotions and place aspects of the marketing mix can have profound implications for the events industry as a unit (Mangold and Faulds Asur and Huberman Xiang and Gretzel Corre a et al Eyrich et al. Kietzmann er al. Thakeray et al. Bian et al.).How does social media impact the UK events industry? What are the implications of the explosion in social media use on the events industry in the UK, as they pertain specifically to the way the industry markets itself and provides services to its customers? (Neff Smith and Zook Kaplan and Heinlein Agichtein et al. Gilbert and Karahalios).This paper aims to derive insights from recent research relating to the impacts of social media on the UK events industry in particular, and the intricacies of social media use and how such affects the way the UK industry markets itself and provides services to its customer bases (Neff Smith and Zook Kaplan and Heinlein Agichtein et al. Gilbert and Karahalios).There is the growing sense that social media is of vital importance in many aspects of businesses that have to do with facing and relating to customers, as evidenced, for instance, in

Your Hardships, and Memories in One Sentence Research Paper

Your Hardships, and Memories in One Sentence - enquiry Paper ExampleThe discontent that forms after reading a fabrication that does not read standardised the old once upon a time, conflict-filled, and plotted story crops up as a result of an blab dissimilarity from the way old stories are formatted. Certainly, this is not a just a mere whatchamacallit that tends to sell modern books beca utilize there is a staggering veridicality in this observation there is a conflict on how old and modern stories are pen. According to Bader (87), old stories are heavily ground on plot. There are two observations in the manner in which old stories are written (1) the plot dominates the entire content of the story the progression or turns of events are strongly based on the plot and they incline to circulate around a singular model conflict, action, resolution from palm to cover or (2) the plot is dominated by opposite elements such as conflict, theme or character. These trine may domina te plot altogether nevertheless(prenominal), it is common that a single element dominates the plot in the totality of the story. Conflict in this regard has two kinds internal or external. It is important to note the difference between the two because this is where a careless reader is often convinced that the story is plot-less, static or amorphous, which should not be the case considering that the point is supposed to be conceived lies upon how aware the reader is the technicalities involved in writing and arranging a story. An internal conflict is something that exists within the character himself this may be outlined as a personal dilemma or ambivalence over something that needs to be decided, recounted, or confronted. On the other hand, external conflict is a more common sort it is something that physically every directly or indirectly subtly or apparently affect the characters of the story. For instance, stories that are based on childhood abuse the conflict could be the phy sical violence that the main character or other characters in the story suffer from his or her oppressors. External conflicts can be very sensitive and straightforward. innovational stories do not absorb plot significantly at least, according to the knowledge of the modern story avid. modern stories are strongly founded on realism everything is based on what really happens in real life. Modern story writers contend that a plot is unreal, artificial (87). One possible reason for this personal line of credit is that plot makes for a contrived, made-up progression that is hard to believe because it does not simply reflect the realities of life. Modern story writers also argue that old stories lavish use of plots tend to sentimentalize the reality (88). In other words, the backbone of the story is drawn from a detached understanding of what really exist in real life to a point that it becomes so inconsistent of which is believable and truly convincing. Modern stories use new techni ques that create a more realistic and more interesting, thought-provoking way of delivering narratives (1) modern stories employ a stricter limitation of the subject and (2) method of indirection. Bader (88) believes that the modern writers desire for realism causes him to decoct on the limited moment of time or a limited area of action in order that it may be fully explored and understood. While modern writers believe that plots are artificial, it does not crocked that they do not use them. Modern writers still use plot in creating their stories nevertheless, they employ them with less complication in order to give way to modern subtlety. Jamaica Kincaids Girl is one matter to poetic art. At first read, it is quite difficult to decipher if it uses plot or not tho eventually any reader would find that it all revolves in a less-complicated plot to-do-list and how-to-do list. One

Ethical issues in business statistics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ethical issues in occupation statistics - Essay ExampleAmong the four branches of moral philosophical term ethics- Meta, normative, descriptive and applied ethics, line of products ethics has itself two dimensions, much(prenominal) as normative and descriptive dimensions. Corporate humans and professionals is regulated by normative view of ethics where academicians use descriptive method to scrutinize the corporate behavior and practices. Statistics is such kind of tools which helps to abridge large volume of data into simple number which determines a conclusion. In art statistics, which employs the techniques and knowledge of statistics and mathematics into business phenomena to make decision, is now confronted and being challenged by ethical issues of business as well as by Christian point of view towards business in western world where Christianity is dominant. From the very beginning of history, philosophers had thrown some question to the mathematical statisticians in terms of ethical investigation. They urged for determining a course of action which is recommended as well as followed by others. They also questioned about the possible solvent and its impact on everyone. After that they asked for the acceptance to the statisticians itself if the decision dictated by him will direct to him. Finally, they embossed the question about the neutrality of the publication if it goes publicly. Though Philosophers intend is to develop generalization of business statistical outcome, professional business statisticians real objectives is to create processes to deal ethical issues which they arise. A statistician has an obligation to his client as he is asked to handle the data. But there will raise a question about the possession of data as who will be the righteous to data. Even though clients give consent to publish or whatsoever use of the data, it is statisticians obligation to protect the identities and honor of his clients and his organization. On the con trary, clients may try to dictate the possible result towards his comfort zone before the accomplishments of any research. So, it is a dilemma for the statistician to keep the engagement which have done before with his ethical- either personal or professional- obligation. Another challenge for a statistician is to deal with outlier effect. Outlier eject be explained as an observation of any occurrence which is unusually either large or small compared to real volume. Proper solution can be raised through formulation of law and its implication. It will help to deal with the twos, that is, ownership of data and search of significance and outlier. For example, if data is owed to the clients, he cannot change the statistical findings toward his own ease as it against the public policy. In terms of outlier, though it is legally defensible if disclosed, ethically not indeed. This is because if it done, the proper righteousness will be lost. However, American statistical Association (ASA ) has formulated 10 point ethical guidelines for statistical practices. The main issues of this guideline are to follow the confidentiality of information and maintain integrity in honestly and objectively. different thing is that the whole inquiry should be purpose oriented and should not cross the boundary limit. Fulfilling the agreement with clients should give proper importance and should inform the clients before raising any conflict or probability of occurrence of any assumed

Euthanasia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 5

euthanasia - Essay ExampleThis news report analyses, critically, the arguments for and against Euthanasia. In the conclusion, I have given a personal opinion on my view of Euthanasia. The adjacent are the main pros and cons of Euthanasia.One of the main arguments advanced in support of Euthanasia is the argument that Euthanasia is a morally right action because human beings have a right to self-government, and for that reason, they should be allowed to pick out their own fate (ProCon.org, n.d.). The proponents of Euthanasia contend that since human beings have the right to self-determination, denying euthanasia to the terminally ptyalize patients who need and request for it is immoral and a violation of their right to self-determination. In law the issue of self-determination in regard to Euthanasia is a controversial issue, especially in the linked States. Various courts in the United States have interpreted this issue differently. The following case demonstrates how the issue of self-determination in the United States constitution is a controversial issue.Year 1975, the 21 year old Karen Ann Quinlan was admitted in a hospital in a comma. The doctors at the hospital later declared Quinlan to be in a retentive vegetative state. After spending five months on a ventilator, Quinlans parents requested that the ventilator be removed(p) and that Quinlan be allowed to die peacefully. The doctors at the hospital, however, objected to Quinlan parents requests, and this made the parents to bring the matter to a New tee shirt superlative Court. In the ruling, to the disappointment of Quinlans parents, the New Jersey Superior Court denied the request of Quinlans parents. When Quinlans parents, however, took the matter to the New Jersey Supreme court, the Supreme Court reversed the ruling of the Superior Court and ruled that Quinlans constitutional right to privacy included her right to be removed from the

Bad Sugar Essay Example for Free

Bad Sugar EssayUnnatural Causes In this video Bad Sugar the Pima and Tohono Oodham Indians of southern Arizona have the highest diabetes rate in the world. This affects more than and so half the adults in this Indian group, but a century ago diabetes wasnt even heard of. What has happened to the health of the Pima Indians? During the 20th century the river water was used by white settlers and Pimas local Indians went into poverty and became dependent on the U. S. government. This resulted in the Indians eating tepary beans, cholla buds and wild life these everyday ood items changed to white flour, lard, processed cheese and can foods.Needless to say this had a big impact on the Pima Indians. This exclusive documentary shows crucial narrate on how we pour more money into drugs, fad diets, medical technologies, but is it deeper then that? Evidence shows therere more to bad habits and unlucky genes. If we can find a solution to poverty we can solve legion(predicate) of the pr oblems that individuals deal with on a day-to-day bases. As a future educator I get out teach them strategies and help improve their daily exercise.Teaching hem strategies will help them to become breakaway with their exercise as well as quality nutrition and realize how truly Important It Is, which should trim back the diabetic rate. Goals 1 . Promote healthy lifestyles to prevent risk factors for pre-dlabetes, diabetes, heart disorder, and stroke 2. Improve the detection, conquer and treatment of risk factors and pre-diabetes for the prevention of diabetes, heart disease, and stroke 3. Improve the detection, control and treatment of diabetes and cardiovascular disease to prevent complications and disabilities and reduce the severity and progression of disease

Recruitment and Selection Essay Example for Free

Recruitment and Selection tasteThe hiring process can be draining and drown out. Searching for the right candidate to fill the typeset can be compared to finding a needle in a hay stack. Many employers possess an idea/visual of how the replacement of what qualifications the new employee should acquire before the training process take place. With employee selection, sagaciousness and decision making process should be carefully assessed to ensure that there are no laws scattered were potential law suits can be filed.This paper will discuss the legal issues that may modernize if the above processes are not handled with precaution. Legal Issues With the increase of lawsuits that are being established in the work force over the past years they gestate been an increase in the number of lawyers and firms that specialize in use of goods and services law. With the economy in the shape that its in, more companies are having to law off employers, some that reserve been there for y ears. Their selection process is being questions on how they are choosing the employees that are to permanently/temporary hardened off.Therefore this is caused an increase in the number of cases the firms are taking in more cases at least(prenominal) 15% more than the previous years. This is because some feel that employers are firing those that can benefit from staying apply and receiving their full benefits, in some cases retirement. To decrease organizations from being forced to participate in lawsuits brought about them, an clause express the best alternative would be to develop a strategy for the company that involved at least three of the prolonging steps1) Draft good policies and revise them frequently ) Train employees to follow procedures utilizing scenarios that prompt open discussion, development of issue awareness and recognition of employer and employee responsibilities 3) Insist on effective citation and communication among managers, human resources professional s and legal staff (in other words, the team approach) (McDowell Leavitt 2011). Discrimination Issues The process of hiring new employees for a position within an organization. With this process, the major legal issue that the employer needs to keep in encephalon is not to discriminate.Discrimination is a big factor due to the employer has in mind what it takes for a person to set the duties of a certain position. There are several laws that the organization must keep in their mind when screening employees, such as the Civil Right Act of 1964, Disability Act, Age Discriminating Act, and many more. Each of the acts and laws prohibits employees to discriminate against employees or new hires based on their race, sex, disability and religion.In todays time, employees have to have a firm or an attorney working for them to ensure that that they are not breaking the as many With given employees assessments, most employers are given them the assessments to point out their acquisition set s. But some assessments identify other issues within the employees. Some assessments identifies whether or not people have a mental illness, learning disabilities, or any other illness that may prevent them from acting their job duties. As a result, many those assessments are being said to discriminate against the employee, thus violating their rights.If an employee has a mental health illness the only way a company/organization can subvert them from a position is if that illness will prevent them from performing their job duties. In fact, many executives stated that they are reluctant to hire people with disabilities due to the accommodations they may need. But with every(prenominal) the baby boomers retiring they are going to have to look into that area. In 2005, statistics showed that 21,455,000 (12. 6%) of the 169,765,000 working-age individuals reported angiotensin converting enzyme or more disabilities (Lengnick-Hall, Gaunt, Kulkarni 2008).Executives were also asked is it a main priority to hire people with disability? They responded with the interest trying to hire someone with a disability, the main concern is . . . having the skills you would need to be on the crinkle to be capable to do those things that would actually apply. I think it would be the perception that people with disabilities beginnert have communication skills and wouldnt be able to problem-solve at a faster pace, wouldnt be able to independently problem-solve (ibid).ConclusionWith larger organizations, it will be best to have a lawyer working hand and hand with the human resource department to ensure that they applyt discriminate against employees. Since discrimination is the major issues within the workforce. It could cause the company millions and most likely close the doors if they dont have enough revenue to pay the lawsuit. Discrimination, especially if the executives of the organization are making statements as the ones is the survey, mention that its not a main priorit y because they may not be able to communicate as others do. Thats a perception and basis.

Geographic coordinate system, Essay Example for Free

Geographic coordinate system, EssaySextant- allowed drug users to determine their latitude to indoors a sea mile or two The gnomon or sun-shadow disk- operated like a sundial, enabling the user to determine his latitude by the length of the suns shadow cast on a disk drifting level in water.The Arabian kamal- a rectangular plate that one moved closer or farther from ones face until the distance between the no.th star and the horizon exactly corresponded to the plates upper and glare edges. The distance the plate lay away from the facemeasured by a string bind to the center of the plate and held at the other end to the tip of the nosedetermined the latitude. cross supplyTools used to measure longitude (Lesson 02.01) (use the first resource in this lesson to help you) Be able to list and severalize the 2 main tools used to measure longitude in early navigation the chronometer- the sextant to figure longitude using the lunar-distance ruleCurrent Navigation Tools (Lesson 02 .01)What tool do we currently use to determine location (latitude and longitude)?The Global fix System,Longitude and Latitude (Lesson 02.01)Know the ways that longitude and latitude run (N to S or E to W) and what they measure Longitude E to W know how far east or west they were of the Prime Meridian Latidude N to S how far north or south they were from the equatorWhat are longitude and latitude measured in?they measure in degrees competition Expedition (Lesson 02.02)Best resource link to use = Account of the Voyage of the Challenger as well as conducting sampling of the waters on its journey, what were the main findings from the Challenger voyage? found many new species, and provided collections for heaps of biologists. What tool was used to do measure the depths of the ocean?The Challenger was equipped with 144 miles of sounding roofyWhat are the 2 pieces of equipment used to collect bottom samples on the Challenger? At leftover is a shallow-water dredge, whereas a deep-sea trawl is shown at right. What was a newly invented piece of equipment used on the Challenger ship to get water samples called? Buchanan Water SamplerIn which zone of the restive shore would you virtually likely find only grasses and patches of lichens? splash zoneWhat type of animal uses the rocky shore for their alimentation grounds? white-tailed deer in the winterWhat is the name of a plant-like species found in rocky shores? seaweedWhat is the classicular adaptation of these beingnesss found in the rocky shore ecosystem?to do this, match up the following (Match the organism with its adaptation)Cky shore and tidal poolswhat kinds of adaptations do they have that enable them to survive the pounding waves while staying in place, tidal changes (periods of time covered with water or periods of time with no water), sunlight exposure, evaporation of water that may leave concentrated salts behind, blending in to avoid predatorsWhat are the physical changes that occur in the rocky shore (3 main onesthink tides, salt content, and wave action)?Rock pools flat area of rock, back part forms a cliff where the front part is flat and in the water, formed by waves, wind, and rain computer programmesloping shoreline where group of large rocks found on calm shorelines Boulder fields?depression left from a boulder grinding into a rock that hold waterCrustaceans (Lessons 02.05 and 02.04)What 3 special adaptations do crustaceans have that allow them to survive in the rocky shore ecosystem? What characteristics do all crustaceans share (need to be specific) What is the best characteristic to help you identify a crustacean? What are the 3 main causa types of crustaceans?ReferensesBaker, K. B., and S. Wing. A new magnetic coordinate system for conjugate studies at high latitudes. Journal of geophysical Research Space Physics 94.A7 (1989) 9139-9143.Dabek, Frank, et al. Vivaldi A decentralized network coordinate system. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review. Vol. 34. No. 4. ACM, 2004.Gustafsson, G., N. E. Papitashvili, and V. O. Papitashvili. A revised corrected geomagnetic coordinate system for Epochs 1985 and 1990. Journal of atmospheric and terrestrial physics 54.11-12 (1992) 1609-1631.Priyantha, Nissanka B., et al. Anchor-free distributed fix in sensor networks. Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems. ACM, 2003.Goodchild, Michael F. Citizens as sensors the world of volunteered geography. GeoJournal 69.4 (2007) 211-221.

Managing Global Hospitality Essay Example for Free

Managing Global Hospitality EssayThe vastness of organizeing functions for a conjunction that deals with hospitality diligence is obvious. This is because contender in the hospitality industry is so intense that only providers that can attract customers at appropriate ways can gain the commercialize. The situation drives corporations to place lots of advertising to influence customers. Television, urban aras, shopping centers, and corners of the streets, for example, sh ar similar characteristics that they are full of advertising and promotion at various forms such as billboards, running text, large screens and numerous others. In foodstuffing study, promotion becomes one factor of merchandise strategy that influences salability of a product in addition to product, place, and pricing. The mixture of the four components, which often refer to merchandising mix, creates opportunity for marketers to design, create, promote, and sell products creatively. In regulate to d escribe how the services selling strategies are applied in a real case, we use the visibleness of Tourism Hotels and unfilled Ltd, an Australian-based service beau monde, and further analyze this company by using the M-S model.Concerning the issue, this make-up has dickens objectives as following ? Evaluating the structure, environment and issues that face international hospitality organizations (Tourism Hotels and Leisure Ltd) ? Using the non-participant observation method, this paper is to analyze product offering of service products by using Multi-Segment (M-S) model on Tourism Hotels and Leisure Ltd Tourism, Hotels and Leisure hold in is a global accommodation management company based in Sydney and listed on the Australian Stock Exchange since 1985.There are several key business asset of the company, which are proprietary hotel operating systems, intellectual properties, trade marks and management franchise agreements (Golden Tulip Brands, 2005). Currently, as the compan y keeps committing to two keys of corporate performances risk diversification and growth strategy, the company faces several challenges from worldwide tourism and hotel fetter companies. Risk Diversification of Tourism Hotels and Leisure LtdCurrently, the company owned five hotel brands in Asia pacific, which are molarity Pacific Suites resorts, Pacific International Suites, Apartments Resorts Golden tulip Hotels, Inns Resorts, Plaza Hotels and Pensione Hotels. The company, together with its affiliates, has more that 435 hotels, in 370 locations across 43 countries in five continents. In Asia Pacific alone the company owned 53 hotels providing up to 4,200 rooms. In Australia, the company recently purchased the Plaza hotels consist of a group of 30 hotels in mid market category (THL, 2005).In hospitality industry, the major risk is to lose customers and cause low occupancy rate, on that pointfore, in performing risk diversification, Tourism Hotels and Leisure Ltd has conducted a series of business expansion and diversification. For example, the company has expert added five new hotels coming in Australasia with the addition of Golden Tulip Airport Hotel, Melbourne (Tourism, Hotels Leisure Limited (THL), 2005). In addition, the company also develops new retention program by introducing Connections, which composes of frequent flyer and other committal programs.The programs are valid at 15 international airlines to all Pacific International properties (Tourism, Hotels Leisure Limited (THL), 2005). In shape to achieve the objective to perform risk diversification at least in that location are two actions that Tourism, Hotels Leisure Limited (THL) can perform as following ? THL should develop and control quality services. For instance, THL conducts a series of workshops that train the companys managements and employees concerning THL programs and service objectives.This objective to carry push through these workshops is to monitor and then maintain th e quality of service in all THL facility in order to fulfill customers needs ? Use quality assurance tools like Balanced Score Card in order to enable THL in monitoring the companys financial and operative performance and inhibit whether they still comply with improved customers satisfaction. Growth Strategy of Tourism Hotels and Leisure Ltd The competition in hospitality industry is fierce.The situation encourages corporations in the industry to expand into international market. According to a study, the development in hospitality industry is caused by two factors MA activities and Market Segmentation. The later, market segmentation, is fashionable in the industry since it enables a hotel group to expand and strengthen their presence without competing between their own brands in a certain markets. Marriott, Sheraton, Accor, Holiday Inn are examples of hotel groups that maintain vast brands.According to Philip Kotler (2000) in his harbor merchandise Management, marketing in 21s t century shows attractive ways since corporations are encouraged to develop new marketing approaches in order to sustain their growth. Instead of spending millions of dollars on costly market research, corporations simply conduct and improve basic marketing approaches such as establishment of manufacturing facilities near customers location, providing complete solutions base on customers needs.Concerning the approach, Kotler (2000) says that marketers also develop loyalty programs including building customers club, create attractive public sexual relation programs, continuously using customers feedback to improve products or services. Concerning services, Wilson (1972), suggests that marketers face huge challenge when marketing a service or in real(a) product. This is because the more intangible a service is, the greater the difference in the marketing characteristics of the service is. Based on the definition, marketers must pay attention to developing marketing strategies that target customers hearts. wiz recent concept regarding the development of marketing strategy is the service-good analysis . The concept aims at speed up the process of product/service definition in order to quickly produce the proper marketing strategy (Langford, 1997). According to Kurtz and Clow (1997), there are sever al unique characteristics of services, which demand different marketing concerns including intangibility, inseparability, and variability. The intangible nature of the service requires companies to make the service mo/nm, re tangible by stressing tangible cues within promotional efforts.Company image, recommendations and word of mouth are becoming important within marketing services strategy. Moreover, service industry also contains inseparable character, where demand is more sensitive to supply. Under such circumstances, firms must be more carefully match services with existing demands to ensure satisfaction. Concerning the service industry, there is hospitality ind ustry that covers many services including the provision of food and beverages, lodging, transportation and travel, and hotel and resorts. Figure 1 shows Multi-Segment model, which is know as M-S Model.There are in general four quadrants in the model, each consists of four elements entities (E), trafficker action (M), Buyer Action (B), and Interaction (I). Figure 1 Multi-Segment Model (M-S Model) Source McColl-Kennedy, J. 2003, Service Marketing a Managerial Approach, John Wiley and Sons, Australia ? Product Segment The operation of a service company differs from products resulted from a series of production activities. There are several benefits or the tangible product industry that cannot be obtained in the service industry.For example, the benefits of industrialization cannot be generalized to the service industry. Services cannot be produced in take place and stored for future use. However, the concept of marketing services provides a different perspective of that consist of th ree operational positions, which are cost efficiency, customization and service quality. The process of producing the services also differs from creating a product. Each service is severalize by complexity of the process and the variability of each step of the process.There are several strategies related to the operations of a service company, some of them are position mapping and blueprinting A service company can benefit from creating position mapping and blueprinting. Both analysis tools will help the company to line its competitors, the intensity of the competition and the direction it heads for (Kurtz and Clow, 1997). To better describe the product segment of Tourism Hotels and Leisure Ltd, to a lower place is tabular form of buyers perspective on products quadrants.

HR data collection Essay Example for Free

HR data collection EssayHR data collection makes company able to measure against it supporting lendforce planning, monitoring progress and development, growing initiatives for generic cases. It identifies and analyses schooling to aid the governing in making ultimate decisions both beneficial to the organization and its employees.Two reasons considered closely.Through HR data collection an organisation can1) comply with legislative and regulative requirements regarding equal opportunities, equal pay audits, enlisting, assessing skills balance, absence recording.2) monitor training and performance for employees, assessing each somebody employee for productiveness and identifying training needs. That means assessing the productivity within the business.Being well informed round the workforce is the list to aim the ultimate goal of the organization. Data collection enables management team to make informed decisions almost future operateivity.Two types of data collected and their support1) Attendances is useful to monitor and gauge daily work hours and monitor absences. That enables HR to manage regular absentees successful and deal with any issues the employee might have.2) Organisational records which includes staff turnover, absenteeism, recruitment documentation, learning and development. HR department can monitor staff level making decision about a further recruitment process. It is also essential collecting and updating employee records such as property addresses and people to contact in time of emergency. These information are helpful where the employee not to come to work without notice.Records can be stored1) Electronically through computerised system. In this way organization can keep information up to date easily and any information can be sent and received rapidly. It also reduce company costs and the amount of data can be stored with no taking up much office space and they can be sorted, found, moved and protected easily.2) Manually i n write up format. In this case the risk of corrupted data is less and information are accessible in any time considering occurrences of power cuts or electronic system crashes. Moreover problems with duplicates of the same record are usually avoided.Two items of UK legislation relating to recording and storing HR data1) Data Protection Act, 1998. It concerns all personalised records whether held in paper or electronic format. The act contains eight protection principles specifying personal data must be Processed fairly and lawfully. Obtained for specified and lawful purposes. Adequate, relevant and not excessive. Accurate and up to date. not kept any longer than necessary. Processed in accordance with the data subjects (the individuals) rights. Securely kept. Not transferred to any other country outside the EU without adequate protection in situ.2) Freedom of Information Act, 2000. It allows people to ask any public body for information on both any subject an organization has an d themselves too. So that the act encourages organization to be transparent and, unless a valid reason, the organization must provide requested information within 20 working days. Through this act people can access to informations needed and ensure they are not exploited or use inappropriately.

Elasticity on Demand, Breakeven Analysis and Pricing Decisions Essay Example for Free

Elasticity on Demand, Break correct Analysis and Pricing Decisions tryWhen a firm changes hurts, the effect on winnings is more important than the effect on r flatue. thither is a simple ruler to calculate the critical Price Elasticity of demand which is just qualified to maintain the contri saveion to overheads and profits. This will be greater than that required to maintain revenue. A common eject in business and in business studies is whether a firm should change the scathes at which products are offered. The calculations come out with estimates of the reaction of customers to the new prices. This reaction is represented as Price Elasticity of Demand (PED), the ratio of the proportionate changes in volume and price. Students are always told and some students even remember that Elastic Demand (PED gt1) meaning more revenue from a lower price and less from a higher one and dead Demand (PED But who wants the same revenue with lower profits? Any change in price will ha ve a much bigger impact, proportionately, on the contribution per item for the firm than on the asking price to the customer.It follows that an increase in price may succeed in raising profits, even though revenue falls and that a lower price may reduce profits even though revenue increases. So the critical question is not whether the PED is greater or less than one, but whether it is sufficiently high (for a lower price) or sufficiently low (for a price increase) to remediate profits. The critical train of PED can be found by an application of breakeven analysis.We can take the veritable level of contribution to overheads and profit and ask what the volume (units sold) must be to pull up stakes the same level of contribution at the alternative price. Having found this critical volume, we can then compute what the PED would be to give us this volume at the new price, compared with the existing price and beat. This then will be the overcritical Price Elasticity of Demand (CPED) . If we are raising prices, any PED less than CPED will increase profits if we are lowering price, we want PED to be more than CPED.And while there is no way, short of onerous the price change, to know what the PED actually is, a firm may well have sensible ideas about the likelihood of its being significantly greater or less than a specified value. It may take care that calculating the CPED is rather a waste of time, since we should have to calculate the required change in quantity first and might just as well reckon our chances of getting this volume after our price change, without entering into Elasticity computations at all. However it turns out that there is a very simple formula for calculating the CPED.

Final global business plan Essay Example for Free

Final orbiculate vocation final hunting expedition quizThe ASEAN was founded in 1967 to promote the alliances of the countries in S come to the foreheast Asia. The current members of the ASEAN atomic number 18 the Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Indonesia, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam (ASEAN, 2010) Physical EnvironmentThe forcible surround of Southeast Asia is primarily a warm climate otherwise than the gamy elevation atomic number 18as (Andaya, 2009). The physical surround in addition differs from the ocean and jungle geographical aras. A primary concern inwardly the physical surround is the availability of safe drinking water in m both beas of Southeast Asia and the air quality. semipolitical constancyThe political stability deep down Southwest Asia is very questionable in m both beas of the character out-of-pocket to the terrorist activities however with the support of the U.S. and other countries the threat is reduced secure not eliminated. A scoring body was use to evaluate the component based on info that was provided by AMB Country stake Reports. The judge system is One in truth low-pitched Risk, devil Low Risk, three Moderate Risk, four proud Risk, and five -Very High Risk. The acres leads the region with are pre cristald score of one is Singapore followed by Indonesia two, Malaysia and Thailand three, Philippines and Viet Nam 4. The Philippines and Viet Nam shoot signifi derrieret political ventures that inquire to be interpreted into con sideration (A.M. outperform, 2010).Economic ConditionsThe economic risks deep down major(ip) countries of Southeast Asia are moderate at best. In the recent economic downward flair Southeast Asia is seeing theeffects the slowing economic trend with their major trading partners the United States and Europe. The demands for exports are decreasing and forecasts for 2009-2010 expect this trend to continue (A.M. Best, 2010). A scoring system was used to evaluate the region based on data that was provided by AMB Country Risk Reports the rating system is One Very Low Risk, two Low Risk, three Moderate Risk, four High Risk, and five -Very High Risk. The country leads the region with are risk score of one is Singapore, followed by Indonesia two, Malaysia and Thailand three, Philippines and Viet Nam four. The Philippines and Viet Nam fall pregnant economic risks that extremity to be taken into consideration (A.M. Best, 2010). Financial Options and RisksThe financial system at bottom the Southeast Asia region indicates a moderate to high risk on aver long sentence other than the country of Singapore. As the worldwide scrimping tightens credit requirements, this can cede a significant impact on the financial stability in the region (Country Risk, 2010). A scoring system was used to evaluate the region based on data that was provided by AMB Country Risk Reports. The rating system is One Very Low Risk, two Low Risk, three Moderate Risk, four High Risk, and five -Very High Risk. The country leads the region with are risk score of one is Singapore, followed by, Malaysia and Thailand three, Philippines and Indonesia four, and Viet Nam- five. The Philippines, Indonesia, and Viet Nam have significant financial risks that need to be taken into consideration (A.M. Best, 2010). Political stabilityThere is a constant threat of terrorism according to the U.S. Department of State goody in action website http//www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2794.htm, but the political stability is stable because of the continued efforts of the U.S. and other foreign entities such(prenominal) as the International Monitoring team. Economic conditionsThe economic conditions are stable the Philippine g everyplacenment has been working oer the past few course of call fors to reduce its deficits down to 0.2% of the GDP (Gross national Product) and is continuously working to balance its budget. Finance options availableAccording to an denomination Philippines Types of Business Organizations that Foreign Investors whitethorn Establish in the Philippines in that respect are several financial options available that are These entangle the constitution by a abroad corporation of a (i) local subsidiary by dint of a internal corporation, (ii) a branch take a courseice, (iii) a representative office, (iv) a regional or area headquarters, or (v) a regional operating headquarters. Entry into the Philippines can also be achieved through joint ventures with other home(prenominal) corporations (Manalastas, and Guinto, 2000).Physical environment and its modify on tradeThe locality of the Philippines creates some environmental issues that needfully to be taken into consideration in that spatial relation are three main issues the eldest two are seasonal worker the typhoon season from June through November, the monsoon rain season from July through December. The third issue that is unpredictable is the volcanic e ruptions that can happen at any cartridge clip (The Philippines, 2010). Social, health, and environmental conditionsThe majority of the Philippine people do make up in poverty and the mortality rate for babies is high however the health care is improving the Philippines have been recognized for eliminating Polio (The Philippines, 2010). Although there is a contaminant problem, the government of the Philippines is stepping in to help reduce pollution by enacting and enforcing laws that actually is circumstances clean up their environment. Cultural considerationsWhen doing upgradeage in the Philippines there is a couple of cultural consideration to keep in mind such as it is unacceptable demeanor to correct a person in existence, to cause a person to lose face by refusing or saying no to a person, and do not accept an invitation to a family meal when first asked, if the invitation is asked a south time then it is all right to accept (The Philippines, 2010). Organizational Des cription orchard orchard apple tree tree Computer, Inc. is headquartered in Cupertino, California. The fellowship is a worldwide producer, designs, merchandises, manufactures computers, digital medication and video imposters.Founded on April 1, 1976 by Steve Wozniak, Steve Jobs, and Ron Wayne, apple carry ons to all consumers small, mid-sized, and large origines. The friendship sells its harvest-tideions through sell stock certificates, online set ups, and also third party wholesalers. The increase in awareness of encourage of the mesh, and convenience it gives to its users leave soon bring to a greater extent to the table for the Philippines. Since the internet has been a big expansion for some markets many assembly linees have found use to this to expand their business overseas. Since 2000 to 2009 the internet usage has gone up from 2,000,000 (2.6%) to 24,000,000 (24.5%) in the Philippines. orchard apple trees line of digital music players has taken advantage by p roviding iPod users to download digital music files to their iPods. apple Inc., sales a line of iPod digital music and video players to both the Windows and Mac users that also provides online assistances that can, as described in this article Reuters Profile apple INC. (AAPL.O) which states distribute third-party music, audio books, music videos, television shows, movies, podcasts, and applications (Reuters, 2010), through the iTunes line of descent. ITunes is a digital music application for downloading and playing digital audio and video files. Since Philippines have slightly 24,000,000 internet users as of June 2009 which is rough 24.5% of the population in the Philippines there is potential growth for this market to grow. With upstart schooling more or less Netflix perchance signing an agreement with orchard apple tree Inc. sales can possibly increase since there allow be much possibilities for iPod users to download through Netflix servers.Risk Analysis Week 3The pu rpose of this document is to essay the risks that are involved in establishing a global business operation in a orthogonal country of the Philippines. The document bequeath full insinuate the risks of introducing orchard apple tree co-ordinated and the iPod to the Philippines. The risks that lead be covered include political risks, legal risks, switch over rate financial risks, and tax risks. The document forget also detail a variety of additional risks, specific trade strategies and performance mea surement that allow for impact the overall success of orchard apple tree Incorporated within the country of the Philippines. Political/Legal/Regulatory risksThe Philippines is a bureaucratic country. It has a complex network of regulations, permissions, procedures, and generatorities with approval procedures. Many of these restrictions are designed to bar off newcomers entering the countrys actual industries. This go forth not be the case for orchard apple tree Inc. The p olitical, legal, and regulative risks of opening an apple retentiveness in the Philippines vary. orchard apple trees plan is to acquire an existing retail store and moving under the orchard apple tree brand. Even though the political risk is high orchard apple tree Inc. is in no way threatening to the political climate in the Philippines.The Philippines has been working in suppuration relationships with neighboring countries, build close ties with neighboring countries in Southeast Asia through the Association of Southeast Asiatic Nations (ASEAN) (A.M. Best Company, Inc, 2009).Legally, the risk associated with opening the store could be capacious, and the alliance must make sure it is in compliance with rules and regulations regarding the opening and operation of the store. The most immediate regulatory risk to business is because of mandated price agreements used by the government to combat inflation. Apple Inc. sees Philippines as a country poised for a great economic turn -around in the net take in and electronics market. Indicators such as World Stats forecast that the country is on a steady uphill swing. Exchange/ Repatriation of Funds RisksExchange rates and repatriation of funds require to be considered with Apple opening a store in the Philippines. Philippines are very open to unlike investors as a way to grow the local economy. However on January 2007, in an ongoing effort to promote two gravestone goals, the Philippine government has issued the Seventh Regular Foreign Investment Negative List (Baleva, 2007), protect domestic industries and encouraging foreign investors to participate in certain areas of enterprise. Pricing will also be a factor if the come with bases there pricing by US standards. Exchange rate on US dollars to Pesos needs to factor in. Competitive Risk AssessmentApples key competitors are already doing business in the Philippines and creating a strong and benefitable presence. Competitors such as Sony, Samsung, and San sa have been doing business in the Philippines for many years. Apples prat entrance into the market will give consumers to a greater extentoptions and encourage more competition within the market. Taxation/Double Taxation RisksThe agreement of double taxation outlines what taxes are covered, defines who the parties are and the context of the agreement and itemizes what is covered under the agreement. Underlining the rules under which a business cabbage are taxed and when double taxation comes into action. The double taxation agreement defines the establishment of standing(prenominal) residence, which Apple Inc. would assay to have by opening a store in the country on a permanent basis. HM revenue customs defines permanent establishment as, a fixed place of business in which the business of the enterprise is wholly or partly carried on (HM Revenue Customs, n.d.). Based on the information contained in the agreement it is possible that Apple will be possibly doubled taxed. Market risks (four Ps price, place, promotion, and product)One of the risks that every business needs to shout out when selling their product in a foreign country is pricing the product to high that only a small portion of customers can give way to buy the product. According to the article manillas living appeals, wages among the lowest it states To illustrate, workers in Zurich are paid $22.60 per hour ($30.30 gross), spell workers in Geneva are paid $20.40 per hour ($29.20 gross)a distant cry from what average workers in Manila are paid $1.40 per hour ($1.60 gross) (Victoria, 2009).One of the ways to address this issue is to buy in large quantity, so that cost can be driven down. presently the Philippines is experiencing a power crisis, which is a risk within itself in the article Philippines power at crisis point of the Asian Times it states Recent electricity outages in the Philippines has sparked concern that the country is on its way to its second power crisis in 20 years (Rub rico, 2010). If there is no electricity, it will be hard to sell iPods to customers especially in the dark. Our company can purchase generators that can be used during the power outages.The Ipods are very popular and expensive in the Philippines, which has created a market of iPod thieves. According to Davao Today article iPod Thieves on the Rise in RP that states iPods may now be joining wallets and mobile phones as attractive targets for thieves and pickpockets (No write mentioned, 2010). Train both employees and customers how to avoid being a victim, this will show the customers we just dont think of them as a sale but as a person. marketing Research adventThe marketing research approach for the Apple blood line is a five step process that includes defining potential problems, ontogeny a research plan, collecting relevant information by specifying data, developing findings, and victorious marketing actions based on the outline of data findings (Marketing Research, 2006). The research objectives will be to determine if there is a demand for the products offered by the Apple Store. The research plan will consist of opinioning a minimum of 1,000 to 2,000 consumers in the target region of the Philippines.Contact information will be gathered to ulterior obtain irresponsible or negative feedback on the products that are offered by the Apple Store. An online survey will also be conducted through the Apple Store via the internet. This will assist in later developing marketing strategies applicable to the products offer by the Apple Store that are in demand in the target region. Some types of questions that will be asked during the Apple Store survey are as follows 1) What is your age? 2) What is your gender? 3) Would you purchase the products offered by the Apple Store? 4) What did you like about the product? 5) What did you dislike about the product? 6.) Was the product easy to use? 7.) What would you change about the product, if anything? 8.) Will you continue to use the product? 9.) Would you recommend the product to a friend? 10.) What would you consider a fair price for the product? Apple Store Marketing MixThe marketing mix of product, price, place, and promotion is a crucial part of the origin of the products being offered at the proposed Apple Store. A strong strategic marketing plan developed by the marketing team will assist the Apple Store in get of to a positive start. The products offered by the Apple Store will include all items that a consumer can purchase through the on-line Apple Store web address http//store.apple.com/ph. The products include the wide variety of iPod products, iPhones, and Mac products.The physical positioning of the Apple Store needs to be in a high traffic public area that will attract many customers. The pricing dodging of the products offered at the Apple Store in the Philippines will targeted to under cut the competition in the region during the first 6 months of operation while still mai ntaining reasonable profit margins on the Apple Store products. This strategy will help in initially establishing the presence of the Apple Store in the target region. Apple Store executives will systematically manage the advance of the Apple Store in the Philippines during the first 6 months of operations and recommend solutions to any potential risks that come up during this time period.after the first 6 months of operation in the region the product pricing strategy will be revisited. The location of the Apple Store will be critical to the overall financial success of the business. The attributes that are desirable for the physical location of the Apple Store include a highly visible location with heavy consumer traffic. An additional attribute is needs to be considered is the location of the store will be easily accessible for ease of the statistical distribution channels to fill again inventory needs with minimal risk. In selecting a location with these attributes the Apple Store will have a higher probability of meeting or exceeding business goals and objectives.The strategic marketing plan will identify specific dates that will provide the best dates for a promotional sale wonderful opening of the Apple Store in the Philippines. To start the promotional period the marketing team will start advertising the grand opening of the Apple store several weeks prior to the grand opening. Apple Store products will be advertised by using magazine ads, internet and television spots, and any other means of promotion critical as a strong promotional tactic in the region. The marketing team will need to pay close attention to see how fastly the product inventory will move from the shelves during the first few weeks of operation if the Apple Store is approved for death penalty in the Philippines. The marketing strategy also needs to verify that there is sufficient demand for the Apple Store products. Distribution and supply chain risksThere are a few items that make distribution and supply risky in the Philippines, as stated in the Spend Matters article Apples Risky iPod Supply Chain What types of risk? Well, try an active volcano located less than 20 miles away, proximity within an earthquake zone (which makes San Franciscos seismic activity look tame), and the very hearty threat of tropic storms and typhoons. And thats not even considering that the area around the plants is subject to regular flooding from storm water, b put behind barsing ingress of people and egress of goods the factories even sends people home early when a effective storm is forecast, because of the risk that the roads will be impassable. (Busch, J. 2006) No one can prevent take Nature from happening, but we can be prepared by staying updated on the weather account statements and staying alert to constitutions surroundings. By staying prepared and knowing what to do in the event of a natural disaster, will prevent personal injuries to employees and customers as well as minimizing damages to our product. Distribution Channel ManagementThe marketing team will perform extensive research before the introduction of the Apple Store begins business operations in the Philippines. Determining a reliable distribution channel in a global business operation is an important formula for success. The main distribution channel will start in the United States and products will be distributed to the Philippines based on inventory needs transmitted through an electronic data base.The distribution of the Apple Store products from shipping destination within the Philippines to the Apple store location is an addition characteristic that needs to be considered because of the threat of theft that exists within the target country. Once the store headquarters has been established then logistics such as shipping, receiving, and storage in smaller warehouses will be considered based on distribution risk factors have been evaluated. One prime objective of the Apple S tore in the Philippines is to meet or exceed our customers needs. Physical and environmental challenges to entering and operating in a target market There are several physical and environmental challenges when operating a business in the Philippines, some of the physical challenges include political unrest, corruption, terrorism, and extortion these are just a few that needs to be address.The environmental challenges include pollution (water and air), natural disasters (volcano eruptions and flooding), unemployment according to Index munbdi Philippines unemployment rate that shows for 2010 to be an estimated 7.5% (No author mentioned, 2010). Staying sure is key to handling these types of risks, some things can be handled by local authorities and others will have to be dealt with the best way possible depending on the situation. Social and cultural risksIn the brotherly and cultural circle, the risk of misunderstanding in many categories is very easily done such as those listed in the article Centre for intercultural learning Cultural Information Philippines that are Conversation, Communications Styles, Display of Emotions, Dress, Punctuality, Formality, and close Making (No author mentioned, 2009). Not knowing how to address each of these items can lead to offending the Philippine people, which will cause problems in doing business in the community. Common sense and proper communications will just about handle each of these risk, also by participating in community events and helping the community during a time of crisis will promote unity between the company and the local people. Cyber or TechnologyStealing engineering and cyber attacks are a big risks, the government of the Philippines still needs to keep an eye on up the laws concerning todays applied science. In the article, Experts Call for Stringent Laws against Cyber Crime in Philippines states that The tribute researchers states that these kinds of e-mail attacks occur more commonly across the P hilippines since there arent any cyber crime laws in the country to intoxicate and prosecute mesh criminals, particularly e-mail fraudsters (No author mentioned, 2010). Common sense applies to these risks as well, making sure that our computer systems maintain the most recent updates on security programs and training the employees to never give out passwords and shut down the computer every night before going home are just some suggestions that will prevent problems down the road. Define and clarify mission and objectivesThe Mission Statement of Apple Incorporated will bide the same as researches through multiple sources according to Investor Relation of Apple (located on the FAQ page) it states that Apple ignited the personal computer revolution in the 1970s with the Apple II and reinvented the personal computer in the 1980s with the Macintosh. Today, Apple continues to lead the industry in innovation with its award-winning computers, OS X operating system and iLife and professi onal applications. Apple is also spearheading the digital media revolution with its iPod man-portable music and video players and iTunes online store, and has entered the mobile phone market this year with its revolutionary iPhone (Apple-History, 20106). Philippines Internet use has braggart(a) remarkably throughout the years. Internet World Stats estimated as of March 2009, there are 20.6 million Internet users coming to about 21.5% of the entire population in the Philippines. Apple Inc. has selected the Philippines to begin expansion providing stores and Internet downloading over the web for users to download digital audio, video, and podcast files.The primary business objective is to establish a 15% profit margin in the first year of operation within the Philippines. In each subsequent year after the first a 5% increase to the profit margin has been established as a goal until the profit margin domaines a 30%. Additional objectives include obtaining a 10% market share of the p roducts offered by Apple Incorporated and a 4% increase per year over the adjacent 3 years. Customer satisfaction has also been established at a target percentage of 97%. SWOTT AnalysisSWOTT analysis is a useful tool to determine the strengths, weaknesses. Opportunities and threats that exist within a global business entity or region are being evaluated for risk factors. The team has developed a SWOTT analysis for the target region to identify these factors prior to engaging in any business operation within the Philippines. This will assist the team in identifying key characteristics in the structure and development of Apple Incorporated within the Philippines. Current Competitors Competitive LandscapeThe competitive landscape for Apple Store are the next companies that have a strong hold on a large portion of the population that Apple Store will have to compete with in the global market place. These companies manufacture similar technology devices that Apple Store is competing fo r to increase global market share. Their products are cognise throughout the global technology market where competition is extremely competitive.Competitors of the Apple Store include Dell Incorporated, Hewlett Packard, and Gateway. The engineering development of new improved technology willassist the Apple Store in gaining competitive advantage over the competitors. Customer satisfaction is a primary objective at the Apple Store. A recent survey conducted in 2008 by the University of Michigan named the American Customer Satisfaction Index ACSI indicated that Apple had a ten point advantage over its closest competitor (Computerworld, 2010). The Apple Store that is being considered in the Philippines will have the same target goal in reference to customer satisfaction in the target region. Strategy SelectionThe strategy selection of Apple Incorporated is to establish a base store that strategically reports back sales results and inventory needs to a home base location within the Uni ted States electronically. The strategy of the company will be to promote the iPod through lower price cost structures than existing competitors. The company will also launch a marketing campaign to promote this strategy through established marketing structures that exist within the Philippenes. This will assist Apple Incorporated in notifying consumers of company existence in the region while promoting our lower priced product.The mode of doorway to develop Apple Incorporated to enter the Phillipenes will be the direct investing mode. Apple Incorporated will be establishing a location within the country and then based on all business results will determine if additional locations within the country are needed to meet customer demand. Advantages of this mode of entry include high sales potential, low political risk, and the company could be viwed as an insider (Quick MBA, 2010). Because of some of the high risk elements that exist within the Philippenes Apple Incorporated will nee d to be cautious by limiting the amount capital that the company will spend in the direct investment mode. retard and EvaluationSpecific measures will be monitored on a weekly basis to track the progress and continous improvement opportunities that exist to set up operations within the Phillipenes. The key characteristics that impact overall business results will be evaltated to establish a proactive approachto issues that will have an impact these results. The key characteristics will include sales, inventory, taxes, and process limitations. This will assist Apple Incorporated in providing a quick responsive action to any underlying problems that need to be resolved. Sales goals and profit margins will also be evaluated to determine the overall success within the Phillipenes. Contigency PlanApple Incorporated will need a contigency plan to account for risk factors that have some probability of resulting in business advantageousness not reaching overall expectations. The contigency plan that Apple Incorporated has in place consists of closing the existing store if business objectives are not achieved with leaving options open for changing the mode of entry into the Phillipenes to export the product through established distribution channels. This contigency plan still allows the company to establish sales within the Phillipenes while reducing investment risk. Financial OverviewApple has the possibility for a strong financial investment in the expansion into the Philippines. The risks associated with the investment into the Philippines do not outweigh the benefits that can realistically be achieved. After thoroughly researching the Pilipino market, the Ayala Group, one of the largest firms in the Philippines is supposedly involved in a project to put up an official Apple store in the Philippines (Technograph, 2009). This is beneficial because less money will have to be invested in research and development, as well as marketing and advertising since the musica l arrangement is already known throughout the Philippines. The economy in the Philippines has not shown extreme changes or any sudden implications that the economy is getting stronger.The Philippine GDP for the year 2009 has barely risen 1% but has, weathered the 2008-09 global recessions stop than its regional peers collectable to minimal exposure to securities issued by troubled global financial institutions (index mundi, 2008). Operating ExpensesAs projected for expenses for one apple store, the budget chart shows total operating expenses at $5, 482 and operating income at $11,740 andother income and expenses at $326. There are many providers that impact operating expenses such as utilities, taxes, and advertisement. Apple has projected a total operating expense at $5,482 for one apple store. When assembling a budget chart, it is necessary to take into account all factors to properly manage a business. It is important to religious belief that focused investments in Research a nd Development (RD) are significant to a companys in store(predicate) competitive and expansion position in a foreign market and are directed towards the development of new and improved products that are central to the companys core business strategy.As such, Apple expects to make further investments in RD to expand and remain competitive in the Filipino market. Other factors of watch that can help expand Apple into the foreign market, is the companys persistent expansion of its retail division in both international and domestic markets, top stock-based return expenses and higher spending on marketing and advertising (Apple Investor 2010). The chart downstairs shows the estimated monthly general budget of the operation of one store in the Philippines, providing that the decision is made to proceed with the plans to set up and begin operations. This is a rough estimate, because of the many factors that may and will fluctuate either in a positive or negative way can cause a change on the expense side, however the further we proceed the more accurate our budget will become. Financial Overview General BudgetForeign Exchange RiskStudies have found that many Asian-Pacific businesses are exposed to one or more of the worlds major currencies the Euro, the US dollar, the British pound, and the Japanese Yen. Some of the greatest dangers were produce by fluctuations in the US dollar. This impacted 58 percent in the Philippines, currency fluctuations affected the profitability of companies whose financial assets and liabilities (most notably debt) were held in foreign currencies (Vanderbilt, 2007). When choosing to invest in the Philippines, the foreign exchange risks associated with business ventures are significant because of an Asian financial crisis during (1996-1998), more than half of the studied companies in Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia and the Philippines, and about a third of those in Japan and Singapore, were exposed to the dollar, and about a quarter of the firms in Singapore were exposed to the yen (Vanderbilt, 2007). Risk ManagementTransaction risk refers to the fact that the cash flow value of foreign currency contracts may change due to exchange rate fluctuations. Additionally, since the organization will be buying and selling goods in foreign currency to a certain extent, the foreign exchange risk increases. The potential negative aspects associated with doing business in the Philippines are significant since the business will be using Filipino Pesos, which has an inflation rate of 4.4 percent. As a result, there is a risk that the exchange rate as with any currency may change unfavorably before the currency is actually exchanged. However, these risks can be counteracted by utilizing forward hedging, which is a way to lock in an exchange rate on an agreed futurity date.This will allow the organization to be completely aware of future cash inflows and outflows, as well as the value of the organizations profits in US currency sinc e the exchange rate will not change due to the purchase of forward hedging. Financing Given the current international economic instability, the choice of choosing from domestic or international financing is tough because there are significant risks associated with each. The European Investment Bank (EIB) has offered financing opportunities to the Philippines currently the EIB has one billion euro allocations in 18 Asian countries including the Philippines. If the company chooses to move forward with the international venture, the company would choose to finance through the EIB. The EIB, has provided over 600 million euros in funding for multiple projects in the country coursed through the government and private sector (European Chamber of Commerce of the Philippines, 2009). Centralized versus DecentralizedThe parent company and its iPod department within the parent company, both works as a centralized organization because having an effective control is essential to the everyday oper ations for both the domestic and global sectors. It would be essential for the parent company to make the final decisions regarding all aspects of the companys operation, because every unit and sub-unit such as manufacturing plant located in Mexico and the shipping department located in the U.S. of the company has to report all information of their daily operations to the parent company allowing the parent company to know what the left wing and right hand is doing essentially at the same time and can make an informative decision for whatever situation may arise.Both the domestic and global units and sub-units operate as a modify company, because certain situations such as environmental changes, customer needs, or political unrest will cause problems and disrupt a part of the company operations or even all parts of the company operations these problems to be addressed immediately and cannot wait for the parent company on the other side of the world to make an informed decision, ev en if the problem had happened before at a different location because what may work domestically may not work globally and vice versa.When making an informed decision whether at the unit, sub-unit, or the parent company level there is a need for a communication chain of command, starting with the employee who is out in the field working upwards to the parent company which may be the CEO (chief executive officer) who usually has the authority to make final decisions that will affect the company or the owner if there is no CEO available. The line of communications should always remain open, in the event of a minor glitch or a major emergency. Regardless of the value of the information, if the line is broken then a decision cannot be made in a incidentally manner or may not be made at all causing a problem to grow bigger or missing a profitable opportunity.The communication chart below shows the chain of command from the field representative to the parent company, not all information will reach the top because some decisions can be made at lower levels, for example the parent company should not be bothered with whether a field representative needs office supplies.Exit StrategiesThe future is unknown, even if there is a planned exit strategy years from now does not fasten it will happen as planned. Depending on the situation that is either planned, forced or requires our business in the Philippines to implement its exit strategy would determine the best strategy to use. In the event of a political uprising or civil unrest that results in raising the level of possible war, then the windup down procedure would be best since it involve very little (if any) paper work and is the red-hot way for U.S. employees and their families to get out of the country. If there is no time at all complete renunciation might be forced, either course of action will involve a monetary loss. If time allows and there is no rush in exiting the Philippines, handing the business over to our joint venture partner would be the best, this exit does involve legal paper work and would minimize loss (if any), it would also leave the caterpillar tread open for possible future ventures back into the country based on a friendly and ruddy transfer of the business. RecommendationThe Philippine iPod risk analysis team recommends proceeding with entering the Philippines market. After the tiring task of finding the risks of entering the country, we had found that the benefits (profits) do exceed the risks (costs) even during the economic troubles that the U.S. is currently experiencing. Although we are not the first iPod and iPhone Company to enter the Philippines market, we still can become a major player and take a large percentage of the market. With the Apple Company creating a direct store that basically eliminates the middle man and develops a presence in the area that shows the potential customer that they will get the original iPhone without the worry of receiving a fake and less dependable copycat, which is a major problem in this region.Having direct shipping, of iPhones and iPods from the parent company will help with the recovery costs and to make a profit quicker. The company will gain additional profits once the store becomes fully operational and service contracts are purchased by new customers. Finally with the current economic stability of the Philippines, this is a good time for Apple to enter into this market because like our domestic customers cheat to have the latest technology, the Filipinos consumers also love to have the latest technology too. Because no other local company can offer the security or the guarantee of authenticity of the iPhone products, this gives our company a very unique position in the Philippine market.The company will be experiencing and dealing with many issues brought up by our customer base, because of the one on one contact with the customers this will help our operation on a global level allowing our technical department to learn from these new problems and coming up with new solutions this will make our product go against and easier to sale globally. ConclusionIn analyzing the risks invoved with Apple Incorporated conducting business within the Philippines the company will be in a better position to achieve the financial success. The process of risk assessment provides a clearer picture of the obstacles that need to be overcome within the Philipines. Strategic marketing plans can assist the company in establishing positive sales results in the target country. Electronic communication to proactively respond to business needs and issues will lead to satisfied customers. The initial mode of entry and an alternate mode of entry detailed in the contingency plan also indicate the companys preparation. Establishing key business characteristcs to monitor on a regular basis will identify continous improvement opportunities for the company in conjuction with items set in the SWOTT anal ysis. The combination of these critical factors will guide Apple Incorporated to make a more informative decision based on all the factual information collected.ReferencesAndaya, Barbara, 2009. Introduction to Southeast Asia. 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